CNC engraving and milling machine
CNC engraving and milling machine is good at machining precise parts with small tools, with the ability of milling, grinding, drilling and high-speed engraving. It is widely used in 3C industry, mold industry, medical industry and other fields. This article collects common questions about CNC engraving and milling machine.
Question 01: What is the difference between CNC engraving and CNC milling?
Both CNC engraving and CNC milling use the principle of milling. The main difference is in the diameter of the tool used. Among them, the commonly used tool diameter for CNC milling is 6-40 mm, while the tool diameter for CNC engraving is 0.2-3 mm.
Question 02: Does CNC milling can only be used for rough machining, and CNC engraving can only be used for finishing?
Before answering this question, let us first understand the concept of the process. The rough machining process requires a large amount of machining, but the finishing machining amount is small, so some people may think machining as “heavy cutting” and finishing as “light cutting”. In fact, rough machining, semi-finishing, and finishing are process concepts, which represent different processing stages. Therefore, the accurate answer to this question is that CNC milling can be used for heavy cutting or light cutting, while CNC engraving can only be used for light cutting.
Question 03: Can CNC engraving be used for rough machining of steel materials?
Decide whether CNC engraving can process a certain material, mainly depends on the size of the tool that can be used. The tool used in CNC engraving determines its maximum cutting capacity. If the mold shape allows the use of tools with a diameter of more than 6 mm, it is strongly recommended to use CNC milling first, and then use the engraving method to remove the remaining material.
Question 04: Can the engraving process be completed by adding a speed-increasing head to the spindle of the CNC machining center?
Can not finish it. This product has been researched and developed, but the engraving process cannot be completed. The main reason is that the design of the CNC machining center takes into account its own range of tools, and the overall structure is not suitable for engraving processing. The main reason for this wrong idea is that they mistakenly regard the high-speed electric spindle as the only feature of the engraving machine.
Question 05: CNC engraving can use tools with a small diameter. Can it replace EDM?
Can not be replaced. Although engraving has narrowed the range of tool diameters for milling, small molds that could only be processed by EDM can now be processed by engraving. However, the length/diameter ratio of the engraving tool is generally around 5:1. When using small-diameter tools, only very shallow cavities can be machined, while the EDM process has almost no cutting force. As long as the electrode can be manufactured, the cavity can be machined
What are the main factors affecting CNC engraving processing?
CNC engraving and milling machining is a relatively complex process, and there are many factors that affect it. The main points are the following: machine tool characteristics, cutting tools, control systems, material characteristics, processing technology, auxiliary fixtures and surrounding environment.
01: What are the requirements of CNC engraving processing for the control system?
CNC engraving processing is milling processing first, so the control system must have the ability to control milling processing. For the processing of small tools, the feedforward function must be provided at the same time to reduce the speed of the path in advance to reduce the breaking frequency of the small tools. At the same time, it is necessary to increase the cutting speed in a relatively smooth path section to improve the efficiency of engraving processing.
02: Which characteristics of the material affect processing?
The main factors affecting the engraving performance of the material are the material type, hardness and toughness. The material category includes metallic materials and non-metallic materials. In general, the greater the hardness, the worse the process-ability, and the greater the viscosity, the worse the process-ability. The more impurities, the worse the process-ability, the greater the hardness of the particles inside the material, and the worse the process-ability. A general standard is: the higher the carbon content, the worse the process-ability, the higher the alloy content, the worse the process-ability, the higher the content of non-metal elements, the better the process-ability (but the non-metal content in general materials is strictly controlled of).
03: What impact does the tool itself have on processing, and how?
The tool factors that affect the engraving process include the tool material, geometric parameters, and grinding technology. The tool material used in the engraving process is cemented carbide material, which is a powder alloy. The main performance index that determines the material performance is the average diameter of the powder. The smaller the diameter, the more wear-resistant the tool, and the higher the durability of the tool. The sharpness of the tool mainly affects the cutting force. The sharper the tool, the smaller the cutting force, the smoother the processing, and the higher the surface quality, but the lower the durability of the tool. Therefore, different sharpness should be selected when processing different materials. When processing relatively soft and sticky materials, the cutting tool needs to be sharper. When the processing material is harder, the sharpness should be reduced to improve the durability of the cutting tool. But it should not be too blunt, otherwise the cutting force will be too large, which will affect the processing.
04: Which materials are suitable for CNC engraving processing?
Non-metallic materials suitable for engraving include organic glass, resin, wood, etc., and non-metallic materials that are not suitable for engraving include natural marble and glass. Metal materials suitable for engraving include copper, aluminum, and mild steel with a hardness less than HRC40. Metal materials not suitable for engraving include quenched steel.
05: What is the tool life formula?
Tool life in the processing of steel materials. The empirical formula is: (T is the tool life, CT is the life parameter, VC is the cutting linear speed, F is the amount of tool attack per revolution, and P is the tool depth). Among them, the cutting linear speed is the biggest influence on tool life. In addition, tool radial run-out, tool grinding quality, tool material and coating, and coolant will also affect tool durability.
06: How to protect the engraving machine tool during processing?
1) Protect the tool setter from excessive oil erosion.
2) Pay attention to the control of flying chips. Flying chips are very harmful to the machine tool. Flying into the electric control cabinet will cause a short circuit. Flying into the guide rail will reduce the life of the lead screw and the guide rail. Therefore, the machine tool must be The main part of the seal is well sealed.
3) When moving the lamp, do not pull the lamp cap, it is easy to damage the lamp cap.
4) During the machining process, do not observe near the cutting area to avoid flying chips to injure your eyes. When the spindle motor is rotating, it is forbidden to perform any operations on the work surface.
5) When opening and closing the door of the machine tool, do not open and close it sharply. During the finishing process, the shock and vibration during the door opening process will cause the machined surface to have knife marks.
6) The spindle speed must be set, and then start processing. Otherwise, because the spindle starts to rotate slowly, it will start processing without reaching the desired speed, causing the motor to suffocate.
7) It is forbidden to place any tools or workpieces on the beam of the machine tool.
8) It is strictly forbidden to place magnetic tools such as magnetic suction cups and dial indicator holders on the electric control cabinet, otherwise the display will be damaged.